A calculation but usually used to refer specifically to Elastic / Scholarly search index.
Angular
Client side application framework
Application Number
The number when the patent application was filed
Application Date
The date when the application was filed
Applicants
Individual(s) or entities that submit a patent application to a patent office.
Attested Collection
An attested collection is an institutional collection to which an institution has formally attested to having an affiliation with the works in that collection.
Author Affiliation Name
The author’s affiliated institution and address
Author Collective Name
A name used when a group or organisation is listed as an author rather than individual people (e.g. a consortium or working group).
Author Display Name
The author’s full name (first name, middle name/initial, last name)
Author First Name
The author’s first name
Author Initials
The abbreviated form of an author’s given name(s), typically the first letter(s) of their first and middle names.
Author Last Name
The author’s last name
Author Normalised Name
A standardised version of an author’s name used for deduplication and disambiguation across records.
Backbone
Legacy client side application framework
Chemical Mesh Ui
The unique MeSH identifier (UI) for a chemical substance as defined in the National Library of Medicine’s MeSH vocabulary.
Chemical Registry Number
A unique numerical identifier assigned to a chemical substance by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS Registry Number).
Chemical Substance Name
Name of the chemical substance. Substance reflects the chemical field listed in PubMed records
Citation Id
The external identifier(s) for cited scholarly works (DOI, PubMed ID, PubMed Central ID or Microsoft Academic ID)
Citation Type
The category of a citation, indicating whether it references a patent document or non-patent literature (NPL).
Cited By Patent Count
Number of patents documents citing a patent (Forward patent citations)
Cited by Scholarly Works
Indicates if the scholarly work has been cited by another scholarly work at least once.
Cites
The numeric Lens ID of a scholarly work cited in the reference list of other scholarly works.
Cites Patent Count
Number of patents documents a patent cited before its issuance (Backward patent citations)
Cites Patent Pub Key
Patent documents citing US_7128866_B1
Citing Orcid Works
Scholarly works associated with an ORCID identifier that cite a given work.
Citing Patents
Number of individual patents that cite the scholarly works in your results list. Patents in this set can often be a variety of patent document types for example: Granted patents, Patent Application and so on.
Claims
The formal legal statements in a patent document that define the precise scope of the invention being protected.
Clinical Trial
A research study that prospectively tests the effect of a health-related intervention on human participants.
Clinical Trial Registry
The clinical trial registry
Commercial Institution
Any legally incorporated entities, including corporations, LLCs and LLPs, whose principal purpose is to make money; including publishers, innovative businesses, investors, law firms, consultancies, or contract research organizations.
Conference Date
The date of the conference
Conference Instance
The conference instance or edition
Conference Location
The location of the conference
Conference Name
The name of the conference
Conference Year
The year the conference was held
Continuation in part
Applicant modifies some claims, names, or content in a patent application, they will be entitled to file a continuation in part application but will not be able to keep the filing date of the original application unless they petition.
CPC Classifications
Cooperative patent classification codes
CrossRef reference count
The number of references listed in a scholarly work as recorded by Crossref.
Crossref Referenced By Count
The number of times a scholarly work has been cited by other works, as recorded by Crossref.
Custom Analysis
A set of custom visualisations based on a single search/collection
D3
Data visualisation library
Dashboard
A set of pre-configured / saved visualisations
Date Published
Date of publication
DocDB
DocDB or INPADOCDB (INternational PAtent DOCumentation DataBase) is the main Patent database of the EPO (European Patent Office). The International Patent Documentation Center file contains bibliographic and family data or patent documents and utility models of more than 100 patent-issuing organisations, including the European Patent Office and the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO). In addition, the legal status data of 77 patent issuing organisations. Patent Citations from 31 countries are also available.
Divisional application
A patent may protect only a single inventive concept. Further inventive concepts using the same specification may be divided out into new applications (‘divisional’ applications) which keep the filing date of the original application (the ‘parent’ application)
Earliest Actual Filing Date
The earliest actual filing date is the earliest of (1) The filing date of a non-provisional patent application (2) The filing date of the earliest priority application (3) The PCT Filing (4) Earliest in the chain of continuation filings (divisional, continuing, continuation in part)
Earliest Priority Date
The earliest priority date of the application is the filing date of the earliest patent that disclosed the invention initially. It may include provisional and foreign filing date and is not used as the actual Earliest filing date for the term calculation.
Effective Filing Date
The effective filing date is the earliest of (1) the filing date of a patent or patent application including a claim to the invention, or (2) the filing date of the earliest priority application (i.e., the earliest filed provisional, non-provisional, international, or foreign application) to which a patent or patent application is entitled to a right of priority for the claimed invention.
End Page
The last page number of the scholarly work as published in its source.
Extended patent family size
The total number of patent documents in the extended patent family, including all related applications filed across all jurisdictions that share a common priority.
Facet
Usually the result of a doc_count aggregation on either search index. e.g. Top 10 Applicants.
Family Jurisdiction
The countries or jurisdictions in which patents belonging to a patent family have been filed or granted.
Family Of Pub Key
The patent family identifier associated with a given publication key, linking related patent documents across jurisdictions.
Family Size
The total number of patent documents belonging to a patent family.
Filing Date
Actual filing date of the patent application
Filter
The additional filtering
Full Text
Searches the full text of the patent
Fulltext
The complete body of text of a patent or scholarly work, including all sections such as description, claims, abstract, and drawings captions.
Funding
Information about the financial support received for the research described in a scholarly work, typically including the funding organisation and grant identifier.
Funding Country
The country of the funding body
Funding Id
The unique identifier for a specific funding grant or award as assigned by the funding organisation.
Funding Name
The name of the specific funding grant or award that supported the research.
Funding Organisation
Name of the funding organisation
Funding Organisation Id
The unique identifier for a funding organisation, used to disambiguate funders across records.
Has Abstract
Indicates if the scholarly work has an abstract.
Has Affiliation
Indicates if the scholarly work has author affiliation information.
Has Chemical
Indicates if the scholarly work has an associated chemical substance
Has Clinical Trial
Indicates if the scholarly work has clinical trial information
Has Conflicting Metadata
Indicates if a scholarly work has inconsistent or contradictory metadata across two or more source records.
Has Funding
Indicates if the scholarly work has funding information
Has Keyword
Indicates if the scholarly work has one or more author- or publisher-assigned keywords.
Has Mesh Term
Indicates if the scholarly work has been assigned one or more MeSH terms by the National Library of Medicine.
Innovation Cartography
A visual mapping tool for exploring the relationships between patents, scholarly works, and other knowledge artefacts across technology and research landscapes.
INPADOC
INPADOC (International Patent Documentation) is an international patent collection database produced and maintained by the European Patent Office (EPO). The Patent database also provides legal status information for Patents from 44 jurisdictions: AT, AU, BE, BG, BR, CA, CH, CL, CN, CZ, DD, DE, DK, EE, EP, ES, FI, FR, GB, GE, GR, HU, IE, IL, IT, JP, KE, KR, LT, LU, LV, MC, MD, NL, NO, PH, PT, RO, RU, SE, TW, US, UZ, WO. The database contains information relating to the legal status of Patents however is not a legal instrument.
Institution
The legal entity subscribing to the Institutional Toolkit or other Lens products.
Institutional Account
The Lens account type for ITK subscribers. Includes additional and unique features and functionality not available on other user account types, such as larger collection limits, attested collections, collection embeddable widgets, etc.
Institutional Toolkit (ITK)
The Institutional Toolkit is a collection of tools and features to help institutional subscribers discover, analyse and navigate innovation knowledge either internally or on the Lens.org platform. Access to the ITK is provided via an institutional account.
Institutional Use
Institutional use is any use of the lens.org platform (core tools and features, ITK, data, etc.) by a legal entity that is incorporated for the public-good and advances the public-good mission of the institution.
Institutional User
Institutional Users are registered users that are affiliated with an institution that has an ITK subscription, via the institutional account. An institutional user can be added or removed from an institutional account and will have access to the work area items as set by institutional account administrators.
Inventors
The individual(s) who created the invention described in a patent document and are named as such in the patent application.
IPCR Classifications
IPCR patent classification codes
Is Referenced By Patent
Indicates if the scholarly work is cited by one or more patent documents.
Issue
The journal issue
Journal
The periodical publication in which a scholarly article was published.
Jurisdiction
Country where the patent is filed
Keyword
A word or phrase assigned by the author(s) or publisher to describe the main topics of a scholarly work, used to aid search and discovery.
Kind
Kind code which is the letter and number attached to a patent document. It reflects whether it is an application, application stage (ex: A1, A2, etc..) or granted document (B2). These vary over time and geography.
Knowledge Artefact
Any item of documented intellectual output indexed by the Lens, including patents, scholarly works, and datasets.
Lens ID
The open persistent identifier that the Lens uses to collect all knowledge artifacts on a record which can be a scholarly work, a patent, or an author
Lens Id
The unique identifier assigned by the Lens to a knowledge artefact. See also Lens ID.
MeSH
MeSH terms are the National Library of Medicine’s controlled vocabulary or subject heading list.
MeSH Heading
MeSH terms are the National Library of Medicine’s controlled vocabulary or medical subject headings assigned to PubMed entries. NB MeSH Headings are case sensitive e.g. Calcium not calcium.
Mesh Term Mesh Ui
The unique MeSH identifier (UI) assigned to a MeSH term by the National Library of Medicine.
Mesh Term Qualifier Name
The name of the MeSH subheading (qualifier) used to refine the meaning of a MeSH heading (e.g. “adverse effects”, “diagnosis”).
Mesh Term Qualifier Ui
The unique MeSH identifier (UI) for a MeSH qualifier (subheading) as assigned by the National Library of Medicine.
Non Patent Literature (NPL) Citation
The scholarly work(s) disclosed in a patent document by either the applicant, examiner, or 3rd parties
NPL Lens Id
The open persistent identifiers of the works cited in patents
Open Access Colour
The Open Access colour category
Open Access Colour: Bronze
Free to read on the publisher page, but without a clearly identifiable license
Open Access Colour: Gold
Published in an open-access journal that is indexed by DOAJ
Open Access Colour: Green
Toll access to the publisher page, but there is a free copy in an OA repository
Open Access Colour: Hybrid
Free under an open license in a toll-access journal
Open Access License
The Open Access license type
OpenDOAR
The Directory of Open Access Repositories (OpenDOAR) is an authoritative global registry of academic open access repositories, maintained by JISC.
OpenURL
The Lens uses the OpenURL standard in combination with OCLC’s WorldCat repository of Library resolvers to implement the OpenURL standard. This implementation of OpenURL passes the metadata for a scholarly work along to the WorldCat registry, which uses the IP address of the user to redirect the request to the user’s institution OpenURL resolver. Depending on the institution’s subscriptions and access to services, the resolver will provide the user access to the available version(s) of the scholarly work which the institution has access.
Owners (US)
The current rights holders for a US patent, or patent application.
Patent Citations
References to prior patent documents cited within a patent, either by the applicant, examiner, or third parties, to establish the prior art landscape.
Patent Family
A group of patent documents that are related through shared priority claims, typically covering the same invention filed across multiple jurisdictions.
PCT Application
A PCT application is filed to obtain patent protection in multiple jurisdictions through the Patent Cooperation Treaty. The application subsequently enters the national/regional phase to each designated jurisdiction.
Priority Application
Priority applications can be present when (1) an applicant seeks protection for the same invention in multiple jurisdictions (including international treaty applications) (2) an applicant seeks protection for a difference invention that builds upon their previous inventions or (3) a combination of the previous two.
Priority Date
The date of an earlier patent application containing a disclosure of the invention (earliest date on which an applicant may claim priority).
Priority Numbers
The application number(s) of the priority document(s) (in respect to which priority is claimed).
Pub Key
A unique identifier for a patent document within the Lens database, typically combining jurisdiction, publication number, and kind code.
Pub Num
The number assigned by the patent office to either a patent application or grant
Publication Type
Describes the type of publication or document that is retrieved.
Publication Type: book
A standalone published work of significant length presenting research or knowledge on a subject, typically subject to editorial review.
Publication Type: book chapter
A Book Chapter corresponds to a discrete section/chapter or excerpt from a Book or Monograph. Books or Monographs are often authored by disparate groups of scholars or individuals therefore they represent distinct research-based knowledge on a specific topic.
Publication Type: clinical study
A research study examining the effects of health-related interventions on human subjects, often as an observational or non-randomised investigation.
Publication Type: clinical trial
A prospective study that tests the effect of a medical, surgical, or behavioural intervention on human participants under controlled conditions.
Publication Type: component
A discrete part of a larger work, such as an individual article within a journal issue or a chapter within a book, treated as a separately identifiable record.
Publication Type: conference proceedings
A collection of papers, abstracts, or presentations delivered at a scholarly conference or symposium, published as a single volume.
Publication Type: conference proceedings article
An individual research paper presented at a conference and published as part of the associated conference proceedings volume.
Publication Type: dataset
A structured collection of data generated or collected during research, published to enable reuse and verification of findings.
Publication Type: dissertation
A substantial academic document submitted in support of candidature for a doctoral or higher degree, presenting original research.
Publication Type: editorial
A short article written by an editor or invited expert that provides opinion, commentary, or context on a topic or related article.
Publication Type: journal
A periodical publication that contains scholarly articles across one or more fields of study, typically issued on a recurring schedule.
Publication Type: journal article
A Journal article is commonly a document published subsequent to some form of research activity. As a written form, the journal article is often a product of an editorial process to validate the reliability of data, methods and conclusions recorded in the publication and typically focuses upon presenting the method(s), procedures and results from an investigation into a highly specific aspect or area of science and engineering. A journal is the most ubiquitous form of communicating research and investigation and can often be referred to via other terms such as: Peer-Reviewed Article, Scientific Literature or Scholarly Research Article.
Publication Type: journal issue
A single numbered release of a journal, containing one or more articles published together at a given point in time.
Publication Type: journal volume
A bound set of journal issues published within a given period, typically one calendar year, forming a numbered volume of the journal’s run.
Publication Type: letter
A short communication published in a journal, often a rapid report of new findings, a response to a previously published article, or a correction.
Publication Type: news
A journalistic piece reporting on current events, announcements, or developments within a scientific or academic field.
Publication Type: other
A publication that does not fit into any of the other defined publication type categories.
Publication Type: reference entry
An entry within a reference work such as a dictionary, encyclopedia, or handbook, covering a specific term, concept, or topic.
Publication Type: report
A formal document presenting the findings of research, an investigation, or official proceedings, typically produced by an institution, government body, or research group.
Publication Type: standard
A published document establishing uniform technical requirements, specifications, guidelines, or characteristics for products, processes, or services.
Publication Type: unknown
While Unknown publication types designate science-related publication and documents, an Unknown publication type is both a way to identify works or documents that have been appended to the underlying Lens data pool as a result of web text mining. Unknown document types represent a novel data set due to their proximity to science as a non-uniform dataset. Documents in this set can be Newsletters, Abstracts, Speech Transcripts, Press Releases, Lab Protocols, Product Descriptions etc.
Publications By Year
A count or breakdown of publications grouped by the year in which they were published, used to visualise output trends over time.
Public-Good Institution
Any legally incorporated entity whose principal purpose is stated as advancing the public-good; for instance government agencies, research and teaching institutions, philanthropic foundations, civil society and non-profits.
Query String
The boolean or keyword query typed into the search input box (optional)
Reference count
The number of works in the reference list of a scholarly work
Reference Text
The original text string in the references
Referenced By Patent Count
The total number of patent documents that cite a given scholarly work.
Referenced By Patent Hash
An internal hash identifier used to link a scholarly work record to the patents that cite it.
Referenced By Patent Lens Id
Scholarly works that are cited by a given patent(s).
Referenced By Patent Lens Id Num
Scholarly works that are cited by a given patent(s). Uses the numeric value of Lens ID (see https://support.lens.org/help-resources/basic-help/the-lens-id/)
Relevance
A score that ranks search results by how closely they match the query, calculated using full-text similarity signals such as term frequency and field weighting.
Report
A formal document presenting findings from research, analysis, or official proceedings, typically produced by an institution or government body.
Scholarly Citations
The number of times a scholarly work has been cited by other scholarly works indexed by the Lens.
Scholarly Works
Academic publications indexed by the Lens, including journal articles, conference papers, books, dissertations, and datasets.
Sequence Count
The number of disclosed biological sequences (nucleic acid or protein) in this search results
Sequence Length
The number of nucleotide bases or amino acid residues in a disclosed biological sequence.
Sequence Type
The type of sequence e.g. N – nucleotide, P – peptide
Simple Family Jurisdiction
The countries or jurisdictions in which patents belonging to a simple patent family have been filed or granted.
Simple Family Of Pub Key
The simple patent family identifier associated with a given publication key, grouping documents that share the same priority date(s).
Simple Family Size
The number of patent documents sharing the same priority date
Simple Patent Family
A group of patent documents that share the same priority date(s)
Source Asjc Code
The All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) code
Source Country
The publisher’s country
Source Issn
The International Standard Serial Number of the source publication, without hyphenation
Source Nlmid
The National Library of Medicine identifier for the source journal, used to uniquely identify the publication in NLM and PubMed databases.
Source Publisher
The publisher of the source publication
Source Ssid
A source-specific identifier assigned to a publication source within the Lens data pipeline.
Source Type
The type of publication source, such as journal, conference, book series, or repository.
Spring
Web server framework
Start Page
The first page number of the scholarly work as published in its source.
Subject
Subject is derived from journals descriptions in Crossref metadata based on the Science Journal Classification Codes
Stemming
A search technique that automatically matches word variants by reducing terms to a common root form, so a search for “running” also returns results containing “run” or “runs”.
Term Extension
For patents regarding pharmaceuticals, food products, medical devices, or procedures, for which a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval is required, the term of these patents is usually extended to compensate for the delayed processing time.
Title
The title of the patent or scholarly work.
Total Scholarly Works
The total count of scholarly works returned by a given search or contained within a collection.
US Classifications
US patent classification codes
US Patent Terminal Disclaimer
A terminal disclaimer is a process by which a patent’s term is shortened because it duplicates the claims of another patent which expires sooner. Lens only provides a flag if the patents is subjected to terminal disclaimer.
Volume
The journal volume
Works Cited by Patents
Scholarly works that appear in the reference lists of patent documents, indicating their relevance to patented innovations.
Works Cited by Scholarly
Scholarly works that appear in the reference lists of other scholarly works.
